16-25 year olds like socialising on the weekends, going to clubs and parties. They also enjoy using social media, such as Twitter, Facebook and Instagram. People of this age bracket watch a lot of television, particularly music channels, reality shows and comedies. Going to festivals and gigs is also seen as a part of young adult culture as music is most popular to this age bracket. Gaming would also be another interest that people of this age bracket like to do in their spare time. Gaming is more popular with boys than girls of this age. A lot of restaurants such as Nandos, Frankie and Benny's and T.G.I Friday's are popular with this age bracket because they are affordable places for students to eat out. Fashion is also a massive part of 16-25 year olds culture.
Idents on other channels:
4 music - Target audience of 16 - 34 year olds - Their idents always use the colour of their logo (pink) which is clear in this ident. Suagbabes in the ident to represent the kind of music shown on their chart countdown shows. This ident was aired in 2009 which is when the sugababes were current and popular. Placed parts of the logo around the set of the ident so we know that it's a 4music ident. Also to add more colour and give a party vibe to show that this channels music is good to play at parties.
VIVA - Target audience 16+, young adults - Bright, eye catching and colourful. Simple using just the logo against a yellow/green background. Movement of the letters in time with the beat is effective and makes it more interesting. The font of the words 'up your' looks like it has been spray painted on which would appeal to the target audience of young people. Soundtrack to the ident relevent to the music the channel shows, pop and r&b.
ITV BRAND IDENTITY AND TARGET AUDIENCE
ITV's brand identity is human emotion. They asked around 6000 viewers a series of questions such as what makes them happy / sad / embarrassed and incorporated these answers into their idents. They have the logo opening out at the start to encapsulate the emotion of the scene in the ident and show that ITV brings these emotions in their programmes. Target audience of 16+, all the way up to pensioners.
MY IDEAS
Music chart countdown ident
Colours - Bright, exciting and attention grabbing - more girly colours, pinks, yellows, purples, reds etc.
Girl dancing around in her bedroom to music, singing into a hair brush.
Getting ready to go on a night out as if the girl is listening to the music countdown whilst she gets ready.
All filmed footage with logo appearing throughout and then the word music towards the end of the ident
Song playing in the background
Reality show ident
Over the top, outragous colours - Neon pinks, gold, animal print patterns.
Women shopping in designer store
Stereo typical wag and rich socialite. In the style of real housewives of new york etc. but dramatised and stereotypical.
All filmed footage with logo appearing throughout and then the word music towards the end of the ident
Fancy by Iggy Azalea on in the background.
Music Documentary ident
Darker colours, with some bright ones - darker colours showing the serious side to the music documentary. Bright colours to highlight the positive elements.
Found footage of celebrities home videos from when they were a kid, singing as a kid and general before they were famous photos and videos. These are the kind of things you would expect to see in a documentary about a music star.
Different footages of different music stars.
Logo appearing throughout and then the word music towards the end of the ident.
Let's you know what type of programme is about to start through the use of colours, images and videos which helps identify the genre and target audience.
relates to channels specific target demographic
keeps interest in channel
Tool for marketing
Gives the channel an identity
Channels use more than one ident to keep you interested
This ident is clearly targeted at adult men because the narrator talks about the upcoming FA cup football match whilst we see two men engraving trophies which could be football trophies.
The genre of this BBC one ident is sport, it shows a satellite view of the city of Glasgow wear the latest commonwealth games were held which was shown before the opening ceremony of the games.
The purpose of an ident is to pursuade the to stay on the channel and watch the programmes being shown next. Idents are marketing tools that give a consistency of font or colour so people know what channel it is. Idents help sell programmes but also break them up. The channels that don't use adverts use idents to keep people on their channel. It also sets out the TV schedule.
This hot air balloon ident for ITV mainly uses a camera, with a cast and soundtrack and only uses a graphic for the logo.
This channel 4 advert uses a mix of filmed footage and CGI. Will off mostly been put together in software such as adobe after effects.
These idents for science channel will of completely been put together in after effects or similar software.
What opportunities do you think a good ident design could mean for a brand or designer?
For a channel and ident can create a good reputation and boost popularity of that channel. An ident can also give you more design job opportunities, raising the bar for designers which means channels can charge higher prices for using your designs.
For designers, if an ident is highly successful for a channel, they could ask you to create multiple idents and maybe even spark a whole rebrand of a channel. Being a popular ident designer can give you power and an edge. It gets people talking about your designs which can boost job opportunities. This means that your share prices can increase and you can earn more money.
Limitations for designers
Depending of brief - Keep colour, timescale, audience in mind, your idea might not feel fit the channel brief
Knowledge and experience of brand / channel / audience
Software limitations
Reputation for inconsistency, failure and poor skillset
Brief may not be clear enough, criticism may not be direct
This ident is poor because it's boring and it doesn't show what the channel 5 is about nor does it relate in anyway to any programme that could be coming next. I don't think its very creative because the colours are dull, there is no uniqueness to it and there is nothing eye catching about it that would make you want to stay on this channel. To make it better I would of changed the setting of the warehouse because it's too dark and plain, to something more vibrant and relative to that channel.
I don't like this ident because I think its far too dark and has no colour in it whatsoever. I don't think its creative at all lighting up the number two and making it flicker against a completely black background. It makes the ident look cheap and gives off the impression the channel is cheap and it is also boring and dark. To make it better i would of taken the lit up number two and put it in on maybe a Las Vegas club sign or a New York times square billboard.
I think this ident is poor because its not relevant to the what the voice over is saying. I don't think its very creative because it lacks colour, and i think the shot is too close up. I also think its boring and not very imaginative. To make it better i would of shown it at an appropriate time such as before a programme targeted at teens, or a programme to do with hair dressing.
BBC Four Ident
Design elements - Colours, text, speed and space
Purpose - What is it for? - Audience is it targeting?
Creative - Most creative parts? - What is brand identity?
Compare - Which of the suite was most creative? - Which was better at targeting the audience? - Which was more suitable for a genre or programme?
Ident 1
Design
Fast paced - hand transition
Nature - close up of squid and wide shot of waterfall
people who like nature shows, 35-44 year olds, cultural interests.
Black and white - simple yet affective
Purpose
Persuasive - shows a wide range of interesting images
BBC four is an exciting, interesting, creative, unusual channel.
Creative
Hand transitions pulling images across - octopus extreme close up - shot of lizard, lizard moves with hand.
Ident 2
Design
Relaxing, black and white colour wash which works with black and white logo.
extreme close up of moving water - makes you feel like your in the water - imagination - free to swim in the culture.
Plain logo right in the middle of the screen all the way through
Nature related - Quirky and unusual - factual footage with black and white effect over them.
Distorted images and black and white (2 seconds in) connotates dream like state.
Purpose
Target audience of 35-44 year olds, who enjoy unusual programmes, nature programmes and documentaires. - birds flying, foley sound of choppy sea and seagulls.
reflect cultural programmes
relates to high brow culture
supports identity of culture - innovative and unusual
Creative
Makes you feel like you are there - p.o.v of you in the water, looking up at birds.
Brand identity of surrealism, eerie yet relaxing music.
Ident 3
Design
Slow, moves synced in time of music at the start, logo appears in sections also synced in time with the music (First 10 seconds)
Logo again in the middle of the screen - ties all the images together
Blue and Yellow key colours - Yellow bee's and Blue water and numerals.
Use of imagary to tell us the name of the channel.
Purpose
Promotes the channel in a different way
Relates to the programmes that the channels show through the images of the bee's.
Creativity
The chime is the same as the BBC news one which gives an idea of BBC's house style.
Brand identity of quirky, unique and a clever idea.
Comparison
The advert I thought was most creative was the first ident because it uses images which portray everything that BBC four show on their channel and the use of colours is bright and exciting.
The first ident targets the channels demographic well through the use of images and colours that will appeal to both male and female.
High definition is a standard of television broadcasting which gives a sharper, more detailed picture also with surround sound. Only people with HD ready TV's can used this.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT ASPECT RATIOS FOR TV AND FILM? WHICH ONES ARE BETTER FOR TV PROGRAMMES AND FILMS?
Ratios are numbers that tell you how the film was shot. For example, 4x3 means that for every unit of 1.33 you will need to go 1 high. So for ever 1.33 inches wide the shot is 1 inch tall. 4x3 is the standard full screen square TV size. 16x9 (1.78:1) is the standard size for HDTV programming.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF AUDIO AND VIDEO SIGNALS?
XLR, line-level, mic-level and ADAT are all types of audio signals. They are different signal formats that various cables can handle.
RGB (Red, Green, Blue), component YUV, S-Video and Composite. These are the output of a video camera, DVD player, computer graphics card, etc..
WHAT WAS TERRESTRIAL TV? WHY WAS IT TURNED OFF?
Terrestrial TV is a type of TV broadcasting that uses radio signals for transmission and uses antennas and tuners for reception. It was turned off due to the start of a five year switch over to digital broadcasting.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT WAYS WE CAN RECORD TELEVISION?
Most set top boxes such as Sky and Virgin Media have built in recording systems. You can also buy recording boxes.
THREE EDITING SOFTWARES
Final Cut Pro - Final Cut Pro is a non-linear video editing software developed by Macromedia Inc. and later Apple Inc.
Sony Vegas Pro 13 - Sony Vegas Pro is a video editing software package for non-linear editing systems (NLE) originally published by Sonic Foundry, now owned and run by Sony Creative Software.
Adobe Premier Elements 12 - Adobe Premiere Elements is a video editing app published by Adobe Systems. It is a scaled-down version of the Adobe Premiere Pro and is tailored to novice editors and consumers
WHY IS HIGH DEFINITION VIEWING BETTER THAN STANDARD VIEWING?
HD is better because it gives a clearer picture, and sometimes sound. HD resolution is about 5 times the resolution of standard definition. It's sharper from using more pixels to make up the picture.
TV show based on popular YouTube challenges and tags. Such as, chubby bunny, tin can challenge, cotton ball challenge etc.
Show will have a leader board ranking in the best to worst and at the end of the series will be an overall winner who has the most points.
Points score from 1-3 with q point being award to the person who did the worst, 3 for who did the best and 2 for who was in the middle.
VT's of a challenge not able to be done inside the studio which will be innuendo bingo.
Another segment will be looking at famous YouTubers doing the challenges and sent in videos from viewers doing them too, with presenters rating them.
TARGET AUDIENCE
Would be teenagers male and female 15 - early 20s because most people who do these challenges are of that age range. Youtubers such as Zoella, PointlessBlog, Tyler Oakley and Miranda Sings are a few of many famous YouTubers who have partaken in said challenges.
Also people participating in the programme will be of the same demographic, as will the presenters.
I think that there's nothing like my idea on TV for this age range and I think that people would find it really entertaining because it has elements of Rude Tube with the segment of the viewers videos and YouTubers doing the challenges. And also it will appeal to YouTube and give them something to watch on TV that is like what's on the internet.
CONSTRAINTS
One problem I feel I would face making a show like this would be that I might not find people willing to do the challenges.
Another would be that people would have to get wet for innuendo bingo which could splash onto equipment and people might not want to get wet.
GENRE
This show would be a hybrid of a game show / review show because of the review and ratings of the viewers and YouTubers challenges.
The generic conventions of this kind of show would be that there are quite a few cast members, one or two presenters and around 3 to 5 contestants. It would also have ad lib jokes from the presenters, it would be exciting and fast pace to make the challenges more thrilling and entertaining.
I will make it more creative by linking what happens on the internet to what happens on TV. I think that this will appeal to the audience because it's like having the internet and television all in one place.
The first section will have and introduction to the show and then the first challenge, and the scores being presented. Then will show the VT of innuendo bingo which will then lead to...
The second section of the second challenge and the scores being presented, and then the segment of the YouTubers and viewers challenges with the ratings after each one and a small comment.
The third section will be the third and final challenge of the show, with the scores being presented. Then a review of the leader board of the series.
GUESTS/CREW
I will need 2 presenters, 3 contestants for the challenges. One presenter will present the challenges, the other will present the pre recorded VT and the review of the YouTubers and viewers challenges.
I will need more than one camera operators and vision mixers to allow me to get different shots to focus on each contestant and also to get different angles and to keep the shots and angled varied when filming to be edited together straight away.
I will need the presenters to be confident, charismatic and comedic. The contestants need to be keen to get involved, fairly competitive and willing to do the challenges.
VT NEEDED
My pre-recorded VT will be of a game filmed outside called innuendo bingo which will involve all three contestants.
It will fit in the show because it's different and will know as the outside challenge of the week on the show which will break it up from just showing three challenges.
Presenter introduces the show and a brief summary of what is going to happen in that episode, such as what challenge comes first and when the VT will be shown.
First challenge gets under-way in the first segment. Contestants have to be blind folded and given a paper plate to put on their heads and then a separate bowl full of cotton wool. Contestants have to get as many cotton balls as they can onto the plate on their heads with a spoon whilst blind folded. The winner is the one with the most cotton balls and the one who manages to keep the plate on their heads.
Then the Second presenter introduces the VT of innuendo bingo and explains a little bit about what happened. Then the VT will roll.
Then the first presenter comes back on and the second challenge will then start, contestants will have to guess what is in a set of tin cans that they choose at random. The person with the most amount of guesses right and who eats the most cans wins.
Then we cut to the review section, where the second presenter first looks at popular YouTubers taking on the challenges and rating them and then cuts to the viewers challenges and rate them.
Next is the final challenge, which will be the contestants blind folded and they have to try and guess what item is being put in their mouths. When the challenge has finished and the the scores have been added up a winner will be announced and the leader board of the series is looked at and then the show is concluded.
The character design was good because vicky was the age of the target audience.
Set was simple but suited the narrative
Could of been more sound.
Target audience was targeted well and would like the song.
I set out to make the end part to a stop motion music video. I wanted to make my part highlight the self esteem issues young girls have because of the way the media portrays girls and their body image, which was inspired by the original video for the song and i think I showed this well. I think that the best part of my stop motion is the scene with the prop of the magazine because i made sure that when i made the magazine everything in it was relevant to the lyrics in the song for example
I got an image of a really skinny model and wrote the lyrics on it 'thinner is better'. I think that the weakest bit of my part was when she turns the TV on and the lighting changes quite noticeably.
The target audience for the music video is girls aged 13-25 because they are the age range who are mostly effected by the way body image is portrayed in the media and i think that we targeted them well with the narrative of the music video.
I think that the sound of her sniffling is the most effective because it brings the doll to life a bit more.
OPEN DAY SCREENING
To get feedback for our stop motion we asked parents, potential students and teachers a set of questions on a college open day and recorded their answers.
What were the common answers about the storyline?
The most common answers about our storyline were that it was clear, it tied in well with the lyrics of the song and that it had a strong social message. One person said that it highlights the problem that girls face with body image and social stigmas regarding beauty pageants and what it means to be perfect.
I agree with these answers because I felt that we tried really hard to make everything tie in with the lyrics to the song. We also wanted it to have a strong social message because we wanted to highlight the issue of body image with young girls and I feel like we have done this quite well.
What were the common answers about the character design?
The common answers we got from our feedback about character design were that they were creative and they suited the narrative. They said that the barbie dolls fit in with the message about body image because barbie dolls are seen as the 'perfect' girl and people aspire to look like them.
I agree with them being suited to the narrative as we use barbie dolls and barbie dolls are often seen as the 'perfect' girl; small waist, long legs, long hair, big bum and big boobs and generally slim, tanned figures. Barbie dolls are often a big part of why young girls are insecure because they feel like they have to look like those kind of dolls.
What were the common answers about the set?
The common answers about the set were that it was pretty, the doll house was appropriate because it was pink and girly and that it suited the song well. Some people said they liked the way we had made our own catwalk that was the right size for the doll and the way we had added extra characters as a crowd and judges which were smurfs.
I do agree with the answers but i thought that we could of made it better, we could of added personal touches to the set to make it more relevant to the lyrics in the song. For example, we could of put some pageant trophies in the girls bedroom as she plays a pageant queen in the video, song and our stop motion.
What were the common answers about what could be better?
The common answers about what could be better was that the lyric section of the music video was too long and needed to just be a part of the chorus. They thought that it took up too much time and was a bit boring because it was just a girl holding up some cards with words on it wasn't colourful or interesting enough.
Looking at the finished stop motion, I do think that the lyric part was a little bit too long but we couldn't tell this until we put it all together. I think we could've just taken the first section of the chorus and used that as the lyric section and did the second half of the chorus to focus more on the story of the music video.
What were the common answers about the target audience?
Every person that we asked about our target audience said that we targeted our target audience very well through the use of colours, props, set and the characters. They said the set was very girly and fit really well with the barbie dolls as characters and the song itself. They thought that using a young girl to hold up the lyrics was relative to the song and theme of the stop motion.
I do agree with this because most of what we used for the set was pink or had feminine elements. We also used Barbie dolls because they are toys that are made primarily for girls and also play a main part in the issue of body image with young girls.
The comments we received from our feedback were all positive with some improvements that needed to be made but they were only minor. The comments do show the success of our stop motion for example, when we asked if we had targeted our target audience well enough, everyone who we had asked said that we did this very well. One of the comments does show some of the flaws in our stop motion such as the sections showing the lyrics in our stop motion were too long and needed to be cut down which I agreed with.
Comparison
A similar stop motion to what we did would be the drive by lyric stop motion because we took inspiration from it to do the lyrics part from our stop motion. We made the lyrics in the stop motion in sync with the song like in a similar way to the drive by video. They are also both stop motion music videos.
The principals of animation have clearly developed over time. For example, The lucky strike advert that was made in 1948 was in black and white, the cigarette characters were just cigarettes they didn't move very smoothly or use the principal or arcs at all. Whereas Bob the Builder which was made exactly 50 years later, was in full colour, it was life like because of how fluent the movement of the characters were and it used the principal of arcs in every way. As time has progressed, people have learnt more and more about stop motion such as, more frames create a smoother animation. They have also discovered that using different camera angles is effective because we can see things from different points of views which is more realistic.
I think that Wallace and Gromit used the most principals of animation. The characters use the principals of arcs in all they ways that they can which makes them seem life like. Also wallace and gromit have the best examples of the principal of gravity for example, when wallace falls down from his bed into the dining room he doesn't stop before he continues to fall like in some animations where they break this rule.
The children's TV show Bob the Builder, is the best at targeting its audience. I think this because it has bright colours and the talking tractors would seem real to young children because of how smooth the claymation is. It also uses simple camera angles which children would be able to see everything from to understand what's happening better.
GENRE, AUDIENCE AND STYLE
I think that Claymation is the best type of stop motion for an audience that are teenagers or older. This is because with claymation you can do anything with it; create different shapes and sizes that you might not able to make in other types of stop motion such as live action and 2D paper stop motion. For example, T is for Toilet : ABCs of death by Lee Hardcastle. This claymation contains blood made from clay which might not be as effective when done in live action and paper stop motion.
I also think claymation is the best type of stop motion for horror and gore genre because of the creative freedom of using blood, shootings and murders etc. because it might not be as possible to create in live action and other types of stop motion.
Lyrics: Just another stage, pageant the pain away
This time I'm gonna take the crown
Without falling down, down, down
Action: The scene cuts to her walking down a hand made stage, stopping at the end then cutting to an extreme closeup of her face with a crown being put on her head.
Lyrics: Pretty hurts, we shine the light on whatever's worst
Perfection is a disease of a nation, pretty hurts, pretty hurts
Third half -
Lyrics: Pretty hurts, we shine the light on whatever's worst
We try to fix something but you can't fix what you can't see
It's the soul that needs the surgery
Action: Live action of someones hands with the lyrics appearing letter by letter
Lyrics: Blonder hair, flat chest
TV says, "Bigger is better."
South beach, sugar free
Vogue says, "Thinner is better."
Action: Shutting the wardrobe. It then cuts to the barbie doll sat on the sofa watching parts of the real beyonce video picks up magazine, opens it and reads the words 'thinner is better' then closes the magazine and on the back it says the end.
Edit in the starting background vocal 'uh uh uh'
Target audience:
Young teens to young adults, mainly female because the song features a female vocalist singing about the issue on girls' appearance and the main character in the video is a girl. Real life fans of Beyonce are around this age and the majority are girls so the topic will suit the target audience. Teenagers will be able to feel like they can relate more to the issue if the lyrics are on the screen it makes the message clearer.
The genre of this stop motion is reality this is because it's tackling the real issue of girls and how they can be portrayed/affected by the media.
Design: Because of the target audience we're focusing on more female related colours - pinks and pastels, the set will be in a girls' doll house which is pink and white on the outside. Using colours like this is more likely to catch attention
and attract a female audience which is who we're targeting.
Young teens and older are inspired by Beyonce and because she is such a public figure and in the public eye she's someone they can confide in and it helps when she is one of the celebrities that make girls feel better about themselves. This article proves that she's the right person to use for this target audience because she's labelled as a role model for young girls .
We also took inspiration from a Train - Drive by fan made stop motion music video. We used the idea of writing the lyrics on paper and making the words appear one by one as if they were writing themselves. We thought we would use this only for the chorus of the song because they have the most important lyrics in the song.
Advice on writing storyboard -
it has to have arrows in the picture to show the directions of the movements
writing underneath has to explain what happens, and tell me when sound comes in and out.
Arcs and Gravity are the main principals in Animation. Arcs are the shapes that your arms and legs make every time they move. Arcs are used within animation to make figurines and objects to make them seem more human like and alive. The principal of gravity is if an object is going to fall in an animation, it falls as if you were to drop something on the floor and follows the principal of gravity. But sometimes these principals can be broken, arcs may only be used in arms and not legs and visa versa, and the principal of gravity can be broken because an object could pause for a reaction, before gravity takes over.
Time is a key principal of animation because the more frames you use the smoother and better quality the animation will be, and the less frames you use can make it jerky and amateur looking and can make the objects/figurines look less life like. Persistence of vision is an illusion principal where the human eye is tricked into thinking it can see an animation such as a flip book.
Overlapping is another principal which is when a characters arms and legs are moving at the same time they can move at different rate. The principal of anticipation is a principal where if a character goes to jump, it has to bend its knees in anticipation of the jump because for a human, it's physically impossible to jump without bending your knees. Finally secondary actions are important in animation as well as the main action because it gives a scene more life and character, it helps the audience to understand a story better and brings more detail to the story but at the same time they don't take away the focus from the main action.
Object: Lucky Strike Cigarette Advert : Created by the Cigarette Company in 1948.
Target Audience: Adults and cigarette smokers, cigarettes are only available to 18+.
Puppet: Hansel and Gretel : Opera Story - Created by RKO Radio Pictures in 1954. Target Audience of Adults because of the opera elements and children because Hansel and Gretel is a fairytale story often told to children.
Claymation:Tim Burton's Vincent : Created by Tim Burton in 1982. Target Audience: Older children / young teens because its about a young boy and it has props of children's toys but it's for older children because it has elements of horror.
Claymation: Wallace and Grommet - Created by Nick Park of Aardman Animations in 1989.
Target Audience: children, teenagers and possibly young adults because it has elements of comedy and because it is animated children and young teenagers will like it.
Live Action: Food - Created by Jans Svankmajer in 1992. Target Audience: Adults, mainly male because the characters are both men and adults because children may find it scary because of the elements of surrealism.
Claymation: Bob the Builder - Created by Keith Chapman in 1998.
Target Audience: Children under 10, mainly boys because there's a lot of male characters and there are stereo typical boy elements such as tractors, diggers and the main character is a male builder.
Objects: Western Spagetti - Created by PES in 2008 Target audience : Older teenagers and adults because its about cooking, its surrealism might not be understood by children.
Live action: Real Life Mario Kart - Created by Olivier Bolduc et Simon Lachapelle in 2012.
Target Audience: gaming fans and teenagers because mario kart is a very popular game and is a racing game which would appeal to that age range.
Live action: Train : Drive by music video - Created by Alona Korakin in 2013.
Target Audience: Train fans and people under the age of 30 because the song is modern.
Analysis of Three Stop Motion Animations
Lucky Strike Cigarette Advert - 1948
It does not use the principal of arcs at all as they used the cigarettes being advertised but didn't give them limbs or faces, (0:42)
but you still know that the cigarettes are meant to be people because of the voice over man who is describing the 'people' square dancing and the setting of the barn also suggest that the cigarettes are meant to be people. People could find this funny because of the surrealism.
But what the advert does have is persistence of vision. The advert flows really well which shows that more frames were used to add to the realism of the cigarettes dancing. They move so smoothly that it looks like thy have a life of their own.
Wallace and Gromit - 1989
The principal of gravity was definitely used in this claymation because there's a scene where Wallace goes down a shoot and there is no hesitation before gravity takes it toll. (2:01)
This makes the animation more realistic but also fantasy for the viewers because it will make viewers want to shoot out of their own beds and at their kitchen table.
The dog Gromit shows the use of overlaps as he can walk, turn his head and move his ears at the same time but at different rates.(3:32)
This is effective because Gromit being able to move his ears at the same time as his face gives us more of an idea of how he is feeling which we can tell is confused and then he becomes alert when his ears move.
Train: Drive By Music Video - 2013
There are a lot of secondary actions in this live action animation as the girl is sitting in busy streets and other public places where you can see passers by (0:04)
dogs and cars which is relative to the lyrics in the song which talks about different places in america and about driving.
The principal of time in this live action animation appears to be jerky and not smooth but this is effective because the girl holding the lyrics has to be in time with the song and therefore it actually looks good when you're watching it.
A single camera production is any production that uses one camera to produce a whole production. Single camera productions are used because they save a lot of money on a low budget production, it also means there will be less crew members so less people to pay and it will be more convenient when shooting on location. You can also buy a better quality camera because you don't have to spend money on bigger crews and more cameras. Having only one camera can also boost performance from actors because because they only have to focus on that camera and they know when the camera is on themselves. An example of a single camera production would be the Netflix original series orange is the new black.
Despite being called single camera productions, sometimes more than one camera can be used in a single camera production. Multiple cameras are typically used for scenes that have a lot of action in such as explosions, crashes etc because they need to be seen from all angles. These are still different from a multi camera production because they use multiple cameras for all scenes.
Single camera productions come in many different formats, series, serial or one film from any genre. An example of a single camera production would be hit channel 4 sitcom The Inbetweeners. This behind the scenes clip shows how a single camera can be used in such a busy scene with so much to see but still work well. Another example would be How I Met Your Mother which is an american sitcom shown on channel 4. This has jump cuts which are commonly used in single camera productions to go from shot to shots at different angles and points of views. How i met your mother jump cuts
All formats of productions work for single camera productions because it can make a product look a lot better. For example for a stand alone film, the film maker only has to work with one camera, which means when an actor needs to perform well it is easier for them because they only have one camera to focus on which could boost their performance.
There are a few types of narrative structures that single camera productions can use. Linear, where the narrative is straight forward and the story makes sense all the way through. Non linear which is when the narrative is more complicated to understand and can contain things such as flashbacks throughout the narrative to break the narrative up and then concludes with an ending that ties the narrative together.
Endings of narratives can go two different ways, open or closed. A closed ending is when the narrative has a a solution to the narrative crisis and we know the answers to all questions asked in the narrative. An open ending is when a story is left on a cliffhanger, the narrative isn't concluded and there are questions left unanswered. All narratives follow the three act structure. Which can be shown as a graph which has plot points that show where the inciting incidents happen. There is also the mid point of the narrative, climax, resolution and obstacles. Film makers can also tell a narrative through technical codes, which is through cinematography and mise en scene and not dialogue. For example if you wanted to show how a character is of importance you could have the camera from a low angle looking up at the character as if the camera is someone inferior to the character. Or if you want to show the point of view of someone or something that is low down, looking upwards you would use a low angle shot.
This clip of Matilda shows how when she walks into the library (1:16-1:33) and goes up to the counter, it uses a low angle shot to show how small she is and highlight how young she is to go to a library on her own. Lighting can be low key and focused on a specific person or object to show that they are the focus point of the scene. Music is also another technical code used to tell a narrative. Suitable music with relevant lyrics can tell the audience what the story is about.
This scene from Batman is a great example of low key lighting (throughout). Low key lighting is used to create a mood, in this clip it creates fear because the joker can be quite a scary character. It also creates tension because you don't know what could happen next. Single camera productions are a very good way of showing a filmmakers ability to produce a good production. They allow you to be more independent with a smaller crew which could mean a better product in the end. It also allows you to be more flexible with shots because you don't have to worry about accidentally getting other cameras in a shot. When it comes to editing single camera productions make it so much easier to bring all your shots together because they are all of one camera.
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