Unit 27 Assignment 3

documentary

I CERTIFY THAT THIS IS MY OWN WORK

Unit 24 assignment 1

1. HOW DO YOU BECOME A WRITER & WHAT'S IT LIKE TO WORK AS ONE?

• To become a writer you first of all need to actually write something. Then you can send your work out to people industry, or even just friends and family for their opinion. You could also take writing classes to brush up your skills. If you're the least bit likeable, you'll make a few friends among the other classmates. This will work in your favour because the more people you meet the more people you can get to take a look at your work and if they sell their work before you do then that's okay because you now know somebody in the business who can help get your name as a write out there.
• Television and film screenwriter Stephen Scaia offers a behind-the-scenes look at what it’s like to be a writer in Tinseltown and how he got there, in an interview for website art of manliness. During his interview he was asked what's the best way to prepare yourself to become a writer and he said "The best way to prepare yourself is to WRITE. Write every day. Whether it’s a one-page skit, or The Great American Novel, the more you do it, the better you get. Work your brain like you do your muscles and it’ll get stronger every day. When you’re not writing, STUDY. Read scripts." Which I think is exactly the way to start your writing career.

2. WHAT IS A STAFF WRITER?

• A staff writer is someone who is basically at the bottom of the pile. They are the people that help shows with groups of writers collate their ideas. They also help develop characters and narratives, and if their ideas are good enough they could become higher up in the pecking order. 
• Staff writers are basically like the lapdogs of writing, if an executive producer tells you to make something funnier or more compelling then you do it if you want any chance of getting any kind of promotion. 

3. WHAT IS THE COMMISSIONING PROCESS, HOW DO YOU GET AN IDEA 'COMMISSIONED'?

• The commissioning process is about getting your idea out there, and sold to a TV channel. If the channel likes your idea, they will ask you develop the idea even further until its ready to go to the channels, channel controller. 
• Shows are commissioned completely differently depending on what channel it is shown on but all proposals are strictly confidential.
• You can submit a proposal to ITV via email in which they will respond within 6 weeks but only production companies can submit. They are mainly looking for proposals to show at a certain time. They are looking for Saturday night television or a comedy show that can be shown at around 8pm and 9pm on a weekday night. If they commission an idea, all production work is given to a company named deluxe who then give it to ITV media logistics and they develop the idea. 
• BBC take two weeks 

4. WHY DO YOU NEED AN AGENT AND WHAT ARE THE NAMES OF SOME SCRIPTWRITER AGENTS?

• If you want to be a serious script writer you have to have an agent. Agents have knowledge of the industry and will guide you through signing contracts because sometimes there are loopholes that they might see that you didn't, which could lead to you signing on the dotted line to things you didn't necessarily agree to in the first place. 
• Examples of screenwriter agents are Playmaker, United Authors LTD and Gunn Media.

5. HOW DOES A SCRIPT GET CHOSEN?

• When a producer likes a script, they will ask a writer to form an option agreement which is basically a contract giving a producer the rights to the film or show for a certain amount of time whilst it is in production and also how much the writer will be paid for their idea being used. 

6. HOW DOES A SCRIPT WRITER GET PAID?

• A scriptwriter will be paid through a contract, so most likely a payment will be set up within the agreement made between the scriptwriter and the producer/director who buys the script. There is a minimum amount that a scriptwriter who is hired for 6 weeks should be paid which is $3,817. After 6 weeks a write can be paid lower than what they were given for the first 6 weeks but never any less than the minimum pay. 

7. WHAT LEGAL ISSUES DO YOU HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT AS A WRITER? (PLAGIARISM/LIBEL)? 

• Plagiarism is when you take somebody's work whether it be a script or even just an idea, and passes it off as their own and libel is when someone publishes an article about you that could be bad for your reputation in industry. These things can cause big issues for script writers as creating something that you think is amazing for it to be passed off as someone else's who could make a lot of money from it can set back you career massively because your name isn't our there as a good writer nor will you get any money for it. It's also a big deal if a critic says something bad about you in an article because it could lower your chances of people wanting to work with you and people wanting to look at your work and even give you a chance at all. 

8. WHAT EXAMPLES ARE THERE OF LEGAL ACTION INVOLVING SCRIPTWRITERS OF TV AND FILM?

• One high profile legal battle between script writers was in 2013 over the film olympus has fallen. Credited writer Creighton Rothenberger filed a lawsuit trying to get a declaration that he is the sole author of the films script. But his former partner John S. Green claimed that it was his idea to call the film 'Olympus Has Fallen'. In 2012 the screenplay for the film was completed and sold but Rothenberger failed to mention that Green was the co-author, which won Green the case who was given copyright co-ownership to the screenplay of the film.

9. WHAT DO YOU THINK ARE SOME OF THE HIGH POINTS AND LOW POINTS OF WORKING AS A WRITER FOR TV AND FILM?

• I think that a low point of becoming a script writer is being a staff writer because you are basically are doing everything that everybody else doesn't want to do, but to get any further in your career you need to start from the bottom. Another would be the risk of your work being stolen and passed off as somebody else's. It must feel like the worst thing in the world when you create the mother of all screenplays and somebody takes it, sells it and makes a lot of money for it and you get no credit for it at all. 
• But, some high points of being a writer is that if you do creat a good idea and it doesn't get stolen then you can make a lot of money from it. There's also the fact that success raises your profile massively, which gets you more job opportunities.

I CERTIFY THAT THIS IS MY OWN WORK 

UNIT 23/4 Assignment 3

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hDrj6j5Fnds&feature=youtu.be

https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PLMwMo5LzCGE5e0PFAFL1PDNbQSU5bNq_i&v=_QdLwGoNtSg



I certify that this is my own work

Script for vlog

Introduce your film studio and what films they are famous for.

We have chosen to focus on the film studio, Walt Disney Studios. Walt disney are infamous for their Disney princesses, Mickey and Minnie characters and many more original characters. Their animation studio was founded in 1923 and their motion picture studio was Established in 1953. Their most famous films include, Beauty and the Beast, Cinderella, Sleeping beauty, more modern films such as Finding Nemo, Frozen and Toy Story.

What were their most successful box office films?

Frozen is ranked fifth in Disney's most successful box office films of all time making $400 million dollars, which is no surprise. And Toy Story 3 which is ranked 3rd making $415 million dollars. First went to Marvels The Avenger's making a staggering $623 million and ranked second was Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest which made $423 million dollars. A massive gap between first and second.

Who are their competition?

Disney's biggest rival in the animation world definitely has to be dreamworks because disney have pixar. Pixar is seen as the art house of the animation world. They won Best Animated Feature Oscar seven of the past 12 years because of its mature, character-driven stories that both adults and children can both laugh and sniffle at. But it is said that pixar are making too many sequels and could be running out of original ideas and some of it's sequels aren't living up to the pixar standard. 

This is a massive weakness within pixar because dreamworks are infamous for bringing out film after film. Up to now they have made 13 more films than pixar and they haven't been around as long as pixar. But, critics say that pixar have made better films than dreamworks anyway and have also won more awards.

How is the BBC Funded?
The BBC is what we call a public service broadcaster. This means that it is funded by the public. The £145.50 you pay for your TV license every year is what funds them.

How are they structured? 
The BBC are regulated by ofcom,but only the bbc channels and services within the uk and not worldwide channels. They can be fined up to £250,000 if they breach any rules made by ofcom.

How successful are the BBC, have they had complaints about their management of programs, staff or services (find proof)

The BBC are very successful. We know this because of their popularity, quality of shows they make and their wide range of channels in the UK and worldwide. In 2014 they made a total of £5,066 million which also shows their success rate.

You need to explain more examples of new technology developments in tv and film (use the class notes to help you) and discuss what positive impacts these technologies have on the audience 

You also need to discuss the living room of the future in your opinion

What new technologies has the film industry developed?
There are many new technological developments that have changed the way we watch film. For example, 3D. 3D has improved massively over the years. We've gone from cheap, carboard red and blue lensed glasses to high tech, high quality, super effective 3D glasses. Imax is another development that's changed the way we watch films. Imax uses lazer projection to make a crystal clear image. The screens in Imax cinemas are massive and slightly curved to make for a more immersive experience when watching films. The biggest development within the television world has to be the digital switchover. This has massively changed the way we watch TV because we no longer need big ariels sitting on top of our televisions that hardly ever get a good signal. Digital TV also known as freeview has allowed us to have more free channels instead of just five we now have 50 channels and even 24 radio channels with no subscriptions. This is great for viewers because people who couldn't afford more channels on analogue TV now have them for free, which then brings up viewing rates for individual shows and allows their popularity to grow and be seen by a wider audience.  It has also allowed us to scrap ariels and have better signals through satellite dishes/ariels on top of your house which can pick up a better signal. New technological developments in television is not bringing OLED TVs into our homes. OLED stands for Organic Light Emitting Diodes which has a much higher contrast than LED TVs that we currently have. OLEDs are super thin: 3/16ths of an inch. They also use less electricity than a standard LED HDTV and even some sets use less energy than a 50 watt light bulb. This is a really good development within TV because people can save money on electricity bills whilst also getting a better quality picture.

Living room of the future.

In the future we are going to have technology such as bending television screens, 4D television in our homes and more. But not only are we going to have new technological developments, the people who own british television channels could also be changing. It has been in the news recently that big American conglomerates are looking to buy our main television channels. I think that this could massively change british television because we could become at risk of loosing our culture and the types of things we watch by becoming too americanised. But having said that, there would be some benefits to this happening. I think that we would have more new channels as well as the old ones being taken over. We would also have a wider range of programmes, which could boost their popularity and also give people in britain more to watch.

Unit 27 Assignment 2

INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP PROPOSAL
#Trend 

Who is the intended audience?

The intended audience for our documentary is young male and females aged 13 - 20 who use twitter. This is because a lot of these twitter trends are started by young people of this age because they're easily influenced by the social media.

  Goal or intended purpose(s) of the film
To inform and educate people about the dangers of following some twitter trends/challenges. Young people today are getting involved in twitter trends that are deemed cool and funny but can be quite damaging at times calling serious injuries etc.

What is new different, interesting, engaging about your approach?
This documentary will be different because nobody has really tackled this issue before in a documentary. It will be interesting and engaging because it's something that is a big issue with today's young people but doesn't get enough attention for everyone to know how dangerous some of these trends are.

Style (Any key stylistic elements in writing, shooting, audio, editing, etc.)
This documentary will be an observational documentary, with voice overs, found footage and filmed footage. This documentary will be quite informal because the audience is younger and usually prefer a more informal approach to more serious subjects, it makes them want to keep watching.

What about the soundtrack? (Any music, narration, etc.—If so, who? what?)
Because trends are popular on the internet, the music will be popular songs at the moment without the vocals, in the background because it ties in with the theme of popular culture.

Who is working on the project?
Director - Matt King
Editor - Vicky Howarth
Sound - Maddi Mullins
Camera - Jade Maher, Jess Pittman

Historical background or context of the story
The evolution of the twitter trend, how trends and hashtags started, what they actually mean and how they work and how twitter itself started.

I CERTIFY THAT THIS IS MY OWN WORK

Structure of our documentary

Our documentary will be structured in the style of an observational documentary. We will use a voice over during our documentary to allow the audience to get more information and use interviews with relevant people but not feature the interviewer and edit in a graphic of the question being asked. We will edit this documentary in a way that it will flow and look seamless because we want it to effectively, tell a factual story. In the edit we will put together various clips to create cut aways add music to create tension and happier moments to make the positive parts of the documentary more upbeat and less negative. Lighting during interviews will create a particular mood according to the questions being asked. If the interviews are more positive, the lighting will be brighter and if the interview is relating to more negative subjects then the lighting will be more dim and low key to create a serious atmosphere.

Unit 27 Assignment 1

http://prezi.com/wdx0agwyt26v/?utm_campaign=share&utm_medium=copy

I CERTIFY THAT THIS IS MY OWN WORK

Unit 27 notes

1) What do we mean by factual programmes?Programmes that sometimes aren't scripted, it can be objective (unbiased), a representation of the subject matter.

2) Give some examples of the different types of factual programmes on TV. 
David Attenborough programmes, Good Morning Britain, Louis Theroux documentary, Geordie Shore etc, one born every minute, 24 hours in a&e

3) What is a documentary?
A programme about real life, based on lots of research including statistics and surveys to give facts and figures. They can be on absolutely anything and more popular ones are usually based on ethical issues because they are more interesting.
They represent the world in a realistic style, can still be constructed,

4) What are the different types of documentaries? Give examples to demonstrate your points.

• Reflexive Documentaries are constructed and are debatable whether they are actually documentaries or not. Shows such as Big Brother and Geordie Shore. 
• Observational Documentaries, like wildlife ones where there is little interference they just film what the animals are doing. David Attenborough shows. 
• Performative Documentaries make you see things from someone elses perspective e.g showing what life is like for a particular ethnicity or gender etc in their society. An example would be In The Shadow Of The Sun. 
• Participatory Documentaries is where the film maker takes part in the documentary and becomes involved in the subject matter. An example would be Louis Theroux: Most Hated Family In America

5) Louis Theroux and Teen Mum High - What are the conventions of a documentary? 

• Interviews
• Introduction to the subject
• Conclusion about the subject at the end
• Statistics 
• Sometimes opinions from the film maker
• Film maker sometimes participates
• Voice over, usually the film maker 
• Travelling to places that are related to the documentary getting real footage
• Observing things that are happening
• Cut aways
• Text with peoples names on and age etc when they are being interviewed

6) Conventions of a news Bulletin

• Facts
• Interviews
• Key information 
• Short and snappy to keep it interesting 
• Title Sequence
• No opinions from the presenters on formal news
• Well spoken people who are easily understood by everyone
• Smart outfits, office wear / formal 
• Distinctive music so you can recognise it's the news. Dramatic music / formal to match with the formal presenters and stories
• Studio presenters/reporters and presenters/reporters on locations relating to stories. 

 Issues Facing Factual Programmes

Accuracy - Information correct, truthful, has to be accurate otherwise what's the point?

Bias - One sided opinion, Skewing the facts in favour of something is not on in a factual programme

Representation - The way the subject/topic/facts/people are shown to the audience, misrepresentation of these things is unfair and unbalanced

Positive Values Of Factual Programmes

• They can be educational
• You get a chance to see things you might not get the chance to normally see
• Keeps you in the know of current affairs and things going on in the world
• Entertaining 
• Informing the public of things we aren't aware of
• Creates empathy and urges an audience to help.
• To encourage social/political change, brings the issue to the public arena 

Benefits Street 

http://www.channel4.com/programmes/benefits-street

Participants claimed they had been duped into taking part under the pretence it was a series about community spirit

Accuracy - Participants are real so information is likely to be accurate

Bias - Biased approach to people on benefits, negative

Representation - People are represented negatively, could argue they have been misrepresented

ITV Fake footage

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/8792315/ITV-Gaddafi-documentary-claimed-videogame-was-terrorist-footage.html

What effect does 'fake footage' or lying to viewers have on the reputation of a programme/channel/ documentary filmmaker?

It can make people doubt itv in the future, people won't trust them. Making a 'mistake' like this could bring viewing numbers down, and not want to watch future documentaries that itv bring out. If they lied about the footage being real then what else have they lied about in the documentary or other documentaries? They could be lying about the fact that the footage was accidentally put in there when the programme was edited together.

Accuracy - Inaccurate footage, makes them seem untrustworthy and unprofessional

Bias - Their own opinion - miss selection of clips, wanted to show him negatively so they used whatever they had

Representation - The 1988 attack is being misrepresented leading up to debates/conflicts, offensive to soldiers/ service men and women

Frozen Planet - http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2073024/BBCs-little-white-lie-Polar-bear-cubs-filmed-Frozen-Planet-zoo-Arctic.html

Accuracy -  Inaccurate footage, makes you wonder about any other David Attenborough.

Representation -  Makes polar bears look more tame than they really are and not completely wild


http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2955872/Channel-4-s-UKIP-Days-hatchet-job-receives-700-complaints.html

Accuracy -

Bias - Viewers thought that the docu-drama was highly bias against the political party and only showed them in a negative light.

Representation - It was an inaccurate representation of britain after UKIP have come into power, accused of showing israel as a far right country by showing far right protesters with an israeli flag.

Layout of Assignment 

Two out comes - One is issues and two is conventions

1. Define accuracy, bias and representation (p1)
2. Examples of these issues in a programme : Benefits street, ITV slide, Frozen planet slide, Your own bias etc. slide - The programme showed issues of A, B, R (m1). The impact on the audience is ... (D1) 
3. List the conventions of a news programme (p2)
4. Give examples of these conventions in BBC, Newsround, Your Own (m2)
5. Why are these progs using / not using them (d2) 
6. Define the two modes of documentary and conventions (p2)
7. Example of conventions in the imposter / stacey dooley / your own (m2)
8. Why these conventions and modes are used (d2) 

DEADLINE 20TH OF APRIL

Unit 16 Editing Techniques

Continuity Edit / Invisible Editing = Cutting with a characters movement to give it a seamless feel.
Jump Cuts = abrupt transition from one scene to another
Cutting on Action = cuts from one shot to another view that matches the first shot's action.
Cross Cutting = often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time in two different locations.
Matched Cut = a cut in film editing between either two different objects, two different spaces, or two different compositions in which objects in the two shots graphically match, often helping to establish a strong coninuity of action
Montage = Putting clips together usually over music to show things that would be too long to fit in normally

Continuity Editing

Jump Cuts

Cutting on action

Cross Cutting

Matched Cut

Montage

1903 - Basic Cuts in Film

Discuss what editing process was and why it was basic
Editing was basic in these days because film had to be physically cut and pasted by cutting the film reel with something called a splicer and stringing together the different shots all on a Steenbeck. This was tedious and took quite a lot of time but they didn't yet have the technology to edit on computers on editing software. This meant that the shots were long and they only used jump cuts.

1920s - Silent Film

Needed to allow audiences to understand time and space because we can see things from a different perspective because the black and white stops us from knowing what time of day it is in the film so it's hard to know the difference in hours/days. The shots changing allow us to know when the time has change because the location has changed and the characters are in a different place.

1940s - Hollywood Studio System

Sound was introduced in the 1940s, which meant films with more complex stories could be made because people could talk and basically tell a story. This made cinema become a lot more popular because they now had sound and people wanted to see more and more of it. Film makers used desirable, good looking characters to hook people into watching their films because it made the audience feel like they were watching a kind of dream like life where they had the characters looks and life. Films were still in black and white though so the problem with showing time was still there, but filmmakers began to use music as a way of distinguishing time. The music would change when they wanted to indicate a different time of day.

1960s - American New Wave

The american new wave was a time period when new young film makers were making history with their films in america. Their editing was different to before using things like cross cutting and cutting on action. Cross cutting allows us to see more of the narrative at one time, usually to show us two things happening at once. Cutting on action was starting to be used to make films look seamless. This is when films became more realistic and made you feel like you were there. Montage's were also used a lot in the american new wave. They allowed us to see a lot more of a narrative in shorter amount of time but in an effective way to bring the narrative forward.

1980s - High Concept cinema

High concept cinema was the era of action films. Action-packed, loud, flashy, simplistic, and tightly-structured films defined 80s cinema. Films such as back to the future, the terminator and top gun were some of the most popular films in the 80s. These films were all futuristic and full of special effects. Cross cutting was used a lot in 80s action films along with tense music and more exciting loud music during action scenes being cross cut to make the film more exciting. 

1990s - Digitial editing software introduced

Indie films were at the centre of 90s cinema. This meant that these films were reasonably low budget and meant that more and more indie film makers were trying to get their films out there. This made film festivals become more popular and gave indie film makers a shot at stardom. The digital editing rised in the 90s which was why so many independent film makers became famous because editing was more accessible for anyone who wants to make a film.

00s - Today.

In cinema today pretty much any type of editing is used. A lot of special effects are used to create stunning cinematography. Today its all about high budget, big company films.

CGI today has brought forward the animated world. Animation has become more clear and life like. It is now less pixilated and makes animated films more real. CGI has also allowed us to see unrealistic situations in real life, in a realistic way. It can enter us into a world we could never see in real life with things such as Avatar where humans can visit an alien world and also become an avatar.

Vlog

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lHjmwq6oLKY

show reel

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=72pUd8dSEzc&feature=youtu.be

Unit 23 Assignment 1

A multi camera set up is when a production is made with more than one camera in each of its scenes to get different angles and shots. 

A single camera production only uses one camera for the whole production and are usually used in  films or pre filmed tv programmes. 

These are examples of single camera productions only using one camera for all their scenes.

http://lisagg2.wordpress.com/2012/11/22/the-pros-and-cons-of-multi-cam/

http://www.quora.com/What-are-the-pros-and-cons-of-single-camera-versus-multiple-camera-filmmaking

http://www.tv.com/news/tvcom-throwdown-single-camera-comedies-vs-multi-camera-comedies-27285/

These links talk about the pros and cons of multi and single camera productions. 

• They all mention things like single camera productions take longer because you have to keep moving the camera to get different angles and shots whereas multi camera you can just get all the different angles at once.
• Single camera productions are cheaper because you don't need as many crew members or cameras which means less money spent on wages for the crew and on buying or hiring more than one camera. 
• Live events can only really be filmed with more than one camera because it has to be vision mixed live there for if you only use one camera to keep changing angles the live event won't run smoothly and you may miss things when taking the time out to move cameras and set them up again. 
• But with multi camera productions, you may not be able to get all the shots you want in one take because you might get another camera in the shot of another angle. 

The Big Bang theory uses a multi camera set up because it is a pre-recorded show that is filmed inform of an audience and edited live. In this clip we can see how it uses different angled shots in one scene using jump cuts to get the different characters points of views and so you can see everything that is happening in the scene. 

This clip is a Lose Women interview with Ariana Grande which uses a multi camera set up. We know this because one camera shows her walking onto the set and then cuts to her sat down at a different angle.They have used this set up so you can see everything that is happening at one time as much as possible. 

This clip shows Ed Sheeran performing at the Brit Awards which used a multi camera set up during it's show. They used this because it was a live show and needed multiple cameras to show everything as it was being edited live. Also, a multi camera set up has been used to show the whole venue of this show and the scale of it when somebody is performing etc. It shows the view from the back of the arena and the view from right at the front. 

This clip is Chatty Man where Alan is interviewing Jessie J. It is a programme that is rerecorded in front of an audience. It uses a multi camera set up because it allows us to see from the audiences point of view and then the point of view of the host and the guest. It also allows the show to be edited live and more efficiently. 

I think that the Brit Awards used a multi camera set up the best because they had more shot variation and made full use of having several cameras by getting everything in shot. Alan Carr's Chatty Man used a multi camera set up the least effectively because there was only really three different shot types that had only jump cuts to transition from shot to shot. These programmes used multi camera set ups so the production ran smoother and quicker because it could be edited live instead of filming at one angle with a single camera and then placing it somewhere else and filming from a different angle. The Brit Awards again used this the most effectively because it wasn't a prerecorded live show it was perfectly shot live on the night using a lot of different shots and angles. I think that the audience respond well to this because it makes them feel like they are there themselves because they can see everything that is happening. I don't think that these programmes could have been shot with only one camera because it would look static and make the shows less interesting. You wouldn't feel like you were there, it also makes it 2D and unprofessional. 

I CERTIFY THAT THIS IS MY OWN WORK 

Unit 8 Assignment 3

Understanding TV and film industries

• Film - is made up of development, production, distribution and exhibition e.g warner bros. 
• Interactive media - Internet, games, on demand, streaming service e.g now tv
• Advertising and marketing - is made up of print, television, cinema, internet and radio e.g grey london
• Press and publishing - Newspapers, magazines, journals and books e.g. Daily mail
• Computer games - computer games, online games, publishing, development and distribution and hardware manufactures e.g rockstar games
• Television - is made up of publicly funded channels, commercial channels and on demand channels e.g. fox
• Radio - is made up of, local, commercial, national, community radio, world service, publicly funded, privately funded stations e.g. punjabi radio
• Photography - is made up of fashion, documentary, news, weddings, paparazzi, celebrity. e.g. Piranha Photography

The BBC are a Public service broadcaster channel funded by a TV License and Channel 4,5 and ITV are commercial channels funded by adverts.

Understanding new technology

• We now have digital tv instead of terrestrial (http://www.tvchoicemagazine.co.uk/useful-tips/digital-switchover)
• We now can view film an tv in HD on most tv's and films (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-definition_television)
• We now have 3d tv and 3d films (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_television) 
• We now have on demand on almost all channels which means you can catch up on prgrammes you've missed on the internet or even on your sky box. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_on_demand) 
• Animation has become a better quality over time for example:
  
  

Living Room of the future

In the future we are going to have technology such as bending television screens, 4D television in our homes and more. 

LG bending TV and Transparent TV - These screens are about 18inches and one can be rolled up like a newspaper and the other is a television screen that you can look straight through. This article talks about the way that OLED screens are going to be the thing of the future. 

"LG Display pioneered the OLED TV market and is now leading the next-generation applied OLED technology"

This article says that the future of television is in the technology we use.

http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/tony-duarte/the-future-of-the-living-room_b_3508528.html

• Holographic TV - This will be what you are watching project around your living room in a 3D way like holograms. Microsoft are currently working on trying to make this happen and are calling it IllumiRoom.
• Interactive TV - This is using movement and voice controls to control your TV. Xbox One want to enhance their Kinnect sensor "which could unleash a wave of participatory fitness and leisure products and services that provide personalised coaching in the home. A 21st Century makeover."

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePjpOYeFIHY&feature=youtu.be

This video is basically saying that British television in the future could be taken over by big US media conglomerates. 

What impact of US media companies have on the british television industries?

Channel four are saying that in the future the British TV industry are at risk of being taken over by media giants in the US such as apple and google. Also, people such as Rupert Murdoch who is a big US media conglomerate will start buying into the british television industries. I think that his could mean that Public services channels like the BBC could become more americanised and some of it's channels could be taken away. Also I think that if there are more channels you might have to start paying more TV license. Commercial channels could be affected because the more channels that come to british television, the money they receive from advertising could become smaller and not have as much money as other channels will need to be funded by adverts as well. British television could become more competitive as a result of this. 

• Sky - Cross Media - the combination of two or more companies of different types usually involving a parent company.
• BBC World Service - World Service - the international broadcaster is currently funded by grant-in-aid through Foreign and Commonwealth Office of the British Government.
• The rise of the internet - Globalisation - The process of international integration of world news, products, ideas and other aspects of culture
• Channel 4 - National - Network is obliged to broadcast programming of public importance, including  news, current affairs, children's religious programming as well as party election broadcasting on behalf of the major parties and political events.
• Harry Potter figurines - Franchise - Ownership of the characters and setting of a film, video game, book etc.
• BBC Radio Manchester - Local - Usually refers to local area.
• 4oD - On demand channels - A service provided by the channel so viewers can watch programmes from that channel online.
• Walt Disney - Media Conglomerates - When one company owns media services and products from different types of media.
• BBC1 - Public service broadcasting - owned, controlled or finically supported by the state.
• BBC - Public service broadcasting - funded through tax money i.e. the public pay through their tax
• ITV - Commercial Channels -  Funded by the revenue from broadcast advertisements 

TV& Film Research

TV

• What is your favourite TV programme? - Kid Criminals
• Which company makes it? - Production Company: Plum Pictures
• What is commercial TV? - Channels that are funded by broadcast advertisements, sponsorships and subscriptions
• What is publicly funded TV? - Channels that are funded through tax money i.e. TV license
• What is TV on demand? - A service provided by the channel so viewers can catch up on shows from that channel online
• How many people are employed in television in the UK? - 50,600 in 2012
• Give an example of an independent TV company? - Avalon Television
• Who regulates TV in the UK? - Ofcom

Film

• What was the last film you watched? - Forest Gump
• Which company made it? - Paramount Pictures
• Who owns that company? - Viacom
• Who are the big 6 film companies in the US? - Viacom, Walt Disney, Sony, Time Warner, 21st Century Fox, Comcast
• Top 10 films showing in the UK at the moment and their production companies? 

1. It Follows (Animal Kingdom, Northern Lights Films, Two Flints) 
2. Blackhat (Legendary Pictures, Forward Pass)
3. Selma (Cloud Eight Films, Harpo Films, Plan B Entertainment, Pathé)
4. Catch me daddy (Film 4, British Film Institute, Screen Yorkshire)
5. Focus (Zaftig Films, Di Novi Pictures, Kramer & Sigman Films, Overbrook Entertainment)
6. White God (Kornél Mundruczó)
7. 50 Shades of Grey (Focus Features, Michael De Luca Productions, Trigger Street Productions)
8. The Boy Next Door (Blumhouse Productions, Smart Entertainment, Nuyorican Productions)
9. Big Hero 6 (Walt Disney Pictures, Walt Disney Animation Studios)
10. Birdman (Regency Enterprises, New Regency Productions, M Productions, Le Grisbi Productions, TSG Entertainment, Worldview Entertainment)

• Biggest UK film companies? 
• How many people work in the film industry in the UK? 43,000
• Who regulates film in the UK? BBFC

Walt Disney 

• Famous films and box office results? 

Lion king made $952,880,140

Big Hero 6 made $572,176,784

Beauty and the Beast made $451,421,632

Aladdin made $504,050,219 

Finding Nemo made $906,465,562 

Frozen made $1,254,512,386 

The Little Mermaid made $222,300,000 

Tangled made $586,581,936 Toy Story made $364,530,148 

Spirited Away made $274,949,886 

• Are they a conglomerate? What do they own? 

Yes they are a conglomerate because they own companies such as marvel and pixar. They also have theme parks around the world and several other things like toy stores, that sell disney stuffed teddies, costumes, figurines etc. Which disney make profit from. 

• How much money are they worth? 

$74.9 billion 

• What new technological developments have they made? 

They have improved their animation as the picture quality is a lot better and more life like and more 3D looking.

Film Company: 20th Century Fox

 1.What are their famous films and successful box office results?

2. Are they owned by a conglomerate? What other companies do this conglomerate own? Prove with examples 

Yes they are owned by the conglomerate News Cooperation. They are a conglomerate because they own hundreds upon hundreds of newspapers, magazines, tv channels, film studios, sport teams, internet companies, and a music label and radio station. A few examples would be the film studio 20th century fox, British newspapers The Sun and The sun on sunday. 

3. List 6 films that the company has made in the last 5 years 

Taken 3 (2015), The Book of Life(2014), The Book Thief(2013), Life of Pi(2012), Rise of the Planet of the Apes (2011), Vampires Suck (2010) 

4. How much money are they and their conglomerate worth? 20th Century Fox $5 billion & News Corp. $18.6 

5. What new technological developments have they made? "From thrilling animated features to visual effects that make our superheroes leap and fly of the screen, our mission is the same as it was over a century ago, give people the simple pleasure of being transported by a story on a screen." - 20th century fox

Film Company: Warner Bros

1. What are their famous films and successful box office results?

2. Are they owned by a conglomerate? What other companies do this conglomerate own? Prove with examples
Yes they are owned by Time Warner who own companies such as HBO, CNN, Cartoon Network and more. 3. List 6 films that the company has made in the last 5 years
Jupiter Ascending(2015), Interstellar(2014), We're The Millers(2013), Cloud Atlas(2012), Final Destination 5(2011), Inception(2010)

4. How much money are they and their conglomerate worth? 

$45.2 billion 5. What new technological developments have they made?
Film Company: Sony Pictures

1. What are their famous films and successful box office results?

2. Are they a conglomerate? What other companies do this conglomerate own? Prove with examples
Yes because they are owned by Sony. Sony also own companies such as their own brand of cameras, televisions, mobile phones etc.

3. List 6 films that the company has made in the last 5 years
Chappie (2015), 22 Jump Street(2014), Elysium(2013), Zero Dark Thirty(2012), The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo(2011), Salt(2010)

4. How much money are they and their conglomerate worth?
$200 million for sony pictures, Sony is worth $17.7 billion

5. What new technological developments have they made?

Film Company: Paramount Pictures

1. What are their famous films and successful box office results?

2. Are they owned by a conglomerate? What other companies do this conglomerate own? Prove with examples
Yes they are owned by Viacom who also own companies like MTV and Nickelodeon.

3. List 6 films that the company has made in the last 5 years
Project Almanac(2015), Selma(2014), The Wolf Of Wall Street(2013), The Devil Inside(2012), Hugo(2011), Shutter Island(2010)

4. How much money are they and their conglomerate worth?
$8.8 billion for paramount pictures, Viacom is worth $41.2 billion

5. What new technological developments have they made?

Television – BBC

1. Where is the BBC located? London but has local offices for radio stations etc around the country

2. What does BBC stand for? British Broadcasting Company

4. Who owns the BBC? John Rieth

5. How is the BBC funded? Through a TV license
6. List what type of programmes the BBC show. Eastenders, Great British Bake Off, Top Gear, Original Dramas and Documentary.
7. Is the BBC a media conglomerate? If yes explain, if no explain. No because they don't own other companies. Cebeebies land in Alton Towers is only part owned by the BBC. 
8. Is the company multinational, national or local? and give your reasons. The company is multinational because it has different radio stations and news programmes for different areas of the country. 

Read the article on the website below and answer the following questions:

​http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/research/key-issues-for-the-new-parliament/value-for-money-in-public-services/future-of-the-bbc/

What is the ethos of the BBC? To inform, educate and entertain

What is the BBC for? Some say that the BBC could take advertisements and that these would not necessarily lead to the introduction of commercial breaks, the absence of which is a BBC attraction. However, this would put the corporation in direct competition with already hard pressed commercial broadcasters for a limited pot of funding. Direct subscription has attractions and would be more feasible when the television world is totally digital. One problem with this is that the ‘free at the point of delivery’ feature of public service broadcasting would go.

What is the future of the BBC? complete digital television switchover should have been in place for four years. People will be choosing between a wider variety of alternative channels and consuming television content in different ways, including video on demand.

Watch the You Tube video (http://youtu.be/D3X9rc0KXxU) on the BBC and answer the questions

What is the BBC for? 
To provide broadcasting for all types of people, religions, ethnicity's etc.

What does the video say that the BBC is doing incorrectly? 

They are using commercial production companies to produce some of its shows, its has too much light entertainment and struggles to target everyone. People don't like the fact they they are charging a TV license when they don't even watch the BBC and get prosecuted when they don't pay it.

What does the article say about the funding in the future for the BBC?

What, according to the article below, what is wrong with the BBC

http://www.theguardian.com/media/2014/jan/14/itv-bbc-licence-fee-top-sliced



Research online and answer the question below
What do you think are the advantages of having a public service broadcaster?







Extended question – In your opinion:

Do you think we need the BBC?

Do you think we should continue to fund the BBC through the TV Licence.


In your opinion do you think we should have the BBC?

Vertical Integration and Horizontal Integration 

Vertical integration "Vertically integrated"

• Have to own two or three stages of production. You have to be able to make the film and then rather distribute it or exhibit it.

Horizontal integration "Horizontally Integrated" 

• When one company owns a range of different companies such as newspapers, books, publisher, online, or music companies. 

Script notes for film section of vlog
First - Introduce your film studio and what films they are famous for.
Then - What were their successful box office films
Then - Who are their competition
Then - How are they structured? Who is the conglomerate and how are they integrated.
Then - How successful is this conglomerate
Then - What are the debates (pros+cons) of a few media conglomerates owning the majority of media production.
Then - New subsection. What new technologies have improved our consumption of film and what is the future.

I CERTIFY THAT THIS IS MY OWN WORK 

Unit 32

unit 33

Unit 4

Unit 23

Unit 8 Assignment 2

Trade unions

What trade unions can you join if you work in the media and film industry?

BECTU is the UK's media and entertainment trade union which covers people working in broadcasting, film, independent production, theatre and the arts, leisure and digital media.

Why is it important to join a trade union, what can they do for you?

They negotiate pay, conditions and contracts with employers. They can give you personal advice for independent members and can represent you. You can get advice on health and safety and. BECTU provides benefits for its members. Trade unions can also provide training and courses. They do networking events and career development opportunities. 

What examples can you find of strikes or other trade union action (look for writers guild strikes in USA), why did they strike, did it impact any productions?
The Writers Guild of America Strike from November 2007 to February 2008. 

The strike was targeted at the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers and they wanted funding for writers to be increased compared to profits of larger studios. They won the strike.

Why did the BBC Strike? (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iz-2P13IK9E&feature=youtu.be)
They striked because of job cuts, work loads and claims of bullying. Jobs were cut by 2000 over 5 years which most are voluntary redundancies, some were compulsory redundancies. The strike lasted 12 hours.

Freelance contracts

What does it mean to be a freelancer in the media?
It means that you don't work for a production company/conglomerate and are self employed. 

What types of freelance contract are there?

Fixed priced contracts - that means you will get paid an agreed amount of money and when you will receive that money, but if the job costs more than originally planned or you do extra hours you only get paid for what was agreed in the contract.
Time and materials contracts - means that you get paid for your time involved in providing the particular service and also for the goods, software or other materials that you have had to purchase in order to provide that service.

What types of film or media contracts (short term/fixed term/ first refusal)

Short term - contracts aren't for very long periods of time and you don't have to continue doing any work for it once it has ended.

Fixed term - it has a fixed starting date and ending date.

First refusal - you can reject a contract before it is offered to other people.

Advantages and Disadvantages of freelance contracts

Advantages:

• You can work for lots of different companies.
• You are your own boss
• Times and materials contracts mean that you get paid for all the hours you do and materials/softwares that you do.
• You can get work from your own network of people
• You can choose who you want to work for
• You can choose when you want to work
• You can negotiate your own income.
• More job opportunities if your work is of a high standard 

Disadvantages:

• You might not always get work
• If you're just starting out you won't know many people so it will be harder to get jobs
• You have to find your own work and know what to look out for within a contract e.g things you aren't willing to do or things you might think are unfair
• You may often find that you do not have the option to work on the basis of a contract of your own because a lot of companies already have contracts made up already.
• Fixed price contracts mean that whatever you do within the job no matter how many hours you do or the cost the money agreed in the contract is all you will get.
• No sick pay or holiday pay
• If you don't do a good job then you won't get work so you have to make sure you do the best you can.

In my opinion I would rather have a stable in house job rather than be free lance because because I would want a stable income and always have work with set hours etc.

Editorial guidelines

Explain what an editorial guideline is

The editorial guidelines are the values and standards. They apply to all our content, wherever and however it is received.

Look at the following link and summarise the guidelines for two or three of the subheadings

http://www.bbc.co.uk/editorialguidelines/guidelines/

Religion 

The BBC supports all religions and respects conscience and freedom of thought. They aren't discriminative towards any religion but still believe in freedom of speech and people's right to their own opinion.They comply with the 2006 Racial and Religious Hatred Act which forbids a person from using or displaying threatening words or behaviour. 

Harm and offence

The BBC wants to reflect the world whilst being sensitive towards certain subjects and  having a younger audience means they don't want to show things that will impact them emotionally. There are "generally accepted standards" that can be shown but this list evolves over time. 

They broadcast challenging and innovative content that doesn't breach laws or rules but the reaction depends on the judgement of the audience. 

Why is it important for a television producer to work under guidelines.

So that a programme abides by any rules and regulations. 

Under 18s being on tv has laws and rules regarding copywriting. To make sure they don't get into legal trouble they have to comply with the guidelines to protect themselves and the company from getting into any trouble.

BBFC

Who are they and what do they do? 
The British Board of Film Classification who censor films in the UK give them ratings.

What can you/can't you show in a PG, 12A and 15

When was the BBFC founded?
It was founded in 1912.

When was the video recordings act introduced?
1984

What was it?
Any video recording sold in the UK had to have a classification by someone/an authority. For 72 years video was released to the public before age classfication.

What was controversial about The Human Centipede II?
This film is over the top and too explicit. People were saying that horror was being taken too far. It is also controversial that the creator of this film Tom Six said that 'it is art' which a lot of people disagreed with because he is basically saying that violence is art.

Explain the reasons why the BBFC did not rate the film.
They didn't rate the film because it was in breach of the Obscene Publications Acts 1959 and 1964 and any other relevant legislation. The BBFC have said that there is a genuine risk that the film may be considered obscene within the terms of the OPA for the reasons that

• The characters obsessive sexual violent fantasies is in breach of its classification guidelines.
• It poses a real as opposed to a fanciful risk that harm is likely to be caused to potential viewers.
• Even if it was confined to only adult viewers (being rated an 18) it is unacceptable to the public.

My opinion on the decision

I do think that the film is over the top and morally wrong to watch but if you don't like it just don't watch it, because some people aren't phased by some of the features in this film and could potentially see it from the view of the director of this film so in a way i don't agree with the fact that it wasn't rated because then people can't see it at all even if they want to but at the same time it shouldn't have a rating because then it could be potentially too easy for people to see who are under the age of the 18.

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